Communities
Disaster Mapping Reduces Risk
Disaster Mapping Reduces Risk
The level of losses caused by natural disasters throughout the world has increased considerably over recent years, bringing great hardship to many communities. The disaster risks in one area can also threaten neighboring areas.
The planet’s increasing vulnerability to disasters is also related to population growth, progress in technology and socio-economics, environmental damage, climate change, geological hazards, disease, etc. In the past decade, every year at least 200 million people worldwide were affected by disasters.
The good news is that people’s knowledge and awareness of the urgent need for disaster preparedness is developing. Many communities are increasingly improving their capacity to respond to disasters. Various agencies have introduced and implemented disaster preparedness concept in many places in Indonesia. The Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) is carrying out the Community Based Disaster Preparedness (CBDP) programme. CBDP’s planning and activities are systematically combining with local government’s programmes and policies.
One of the results of this cooperation was a coordination meeting on flood and landslide anticipation and mitigation on April 28, 2006, involving several government departments and agencies. They considered the need to research flash floods in several areas and henceforth of Indonesia’s potential flash flood areas.
Throught the CBDP programme, PMI has been carrying out village risk mapping. The PMI volunteers at the village level work together with the community to identify the risks facing their village and how to deal with them.
Basic data which is collected and analyzed includes a history of prevalent disasters, a seasonal calendar, common diseases and outhbreaks of disease, the community’s livelihoods, water source, etc.
Village risk mapping is an important part of disaster preparedness measures. The results is a map that depicts the natural features around us, such as rivers, wells, lakes, hills, mountains, plains, gardens, forests, etc. Important building infrastructure is also depicted, houses of worship, fire stations, police stations, village hall, etc.
The map also shows the specific locations of places that are susceptible to being hit by disasters such as storms, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, volcanic eruptions, landslides, fires and other hazards, related both man-made and natural disasters.
The mapping process should involve all segments of the community, across gender, age and social divides. Each community member, even children, could share their opinions and knowledge regarding the situation. In facts, children in some areas know more than adults about their village as it are their playground. Individuals with specific skills and education in various professions will also very useful in the production of the map.
With better knowledge of hazards, we will know more about potential risks. So let’s map disasters together to reduce the risks.
Kasus Pembunuhan Terungkap Berkat GPS
Kasus Pembunuhan Terungkap Berkat GPS Fino Yurio Kristo - detikinet
Berita dari www.detik.com
http://jkt4.detikinet.com/read/2008/09/03/080349/999260/398/kasus-pembunuhan-terungkap-berkat-gps
Chicago - Selain mampu menunjukkan arah bagi pengemudi kendaraan, ternyata sistem perangkat Global Positioning System alias GPS bisa juga jadi barang bukti pembunuhan. Bagaimana kisahnya?
Seperti halnya jutaan pengendara mobil lainnya di Amerika Serikat, Eric Hanson memakai unit GPS di mobil Chevrolet-nya sebagai pemandu jalan. Namun, tentu ia tak pernah berharap GPS itu bakal dijadikan barang bukti pengadilan ketika Hanson membunuh keluarganya sendiri.
Kejaksaan Chicago menganalisis data dari perangkat Garmin GPS yang dipakai Hanson untuk mengetahui di mana ia berada pada hari ayah dan saudaranya terbunuh. Lewat penelisikan lokasi lewat GPS tersebut, Hanson akhirnya terbukti bersalah sebagai pelaku pembunuhan dan kemudian dihukum mati.
Proses pengadilan tersebut hanyalah salah satu kasus di mana otoritas memakai perangkat GPS untuk menentukan keberadaan terdakwa saat kejadian berlangsung. Para ahli memaparkan bahwa pemanfaatan GPS dalam proses hukum ini bakal makin umum seiring kian banyaknya pemakaian GPS.
"Tidak ada keraguan. Sistem GPS ini berfungsi mengikuti perangkat teknologi lainnya yang punya informasi forensik," demikian kata Alan Brill, ahli komputer forensik FBI, yang dikutip detikINET dari Celluler News, Rabu (3/9/2008).
Pemanfaatan teknologi untuk mengetahui lokasi seseorang memang bukan barang baru, misalnya dengan menganalisis sinyal ponsel. Namun dengan makin jamaknya pemakaian sistem GPS di berbagai perangkat, polisi tampaknya punya senjata tambahan memerangi kejahatan.
Mapping Disaster Prone Areas
Mapping Disaster Prone Areas
A map is a means of representing the physical features of the earth’s surface in the form of two-dimensional image with a scale and projection system.
The human race has been making maps since the Stone Age. For example, an inscription of a map dating back to 6200 BC is on the cave wall of Catalhuyuk, an archeological site in southern Turkey.
As Yeyep Yousman points out in his book Sistem Informasi Geografis dengan MapInfo Profesional (2004), mapping is a process that involves the collection, processing and presentation of data.
Not Just an Image
A map has several functions, such as showing a location’s position in relation to other places, showing the form or measurement of physical features of the earth’s suface, showing the orientation and distance of a location, and presenting other data about the surface of the earth. A map is said to be good or ideal if its depictions of the earth’s surface. These include the distances between certain points, the area of the places depicted, delineation changes and direction routes, as well as the depiction of other physical features. Size and distance must be in accordance with the facts by using a scale as a means of comparison.
A map must also include a little, compass points to show direction, a comparison of actual measurement (the scale), legend information, the date of production, and the name of the person or the organization that made the map.
The purpose of scale is so the reader could calculate the actual distance between places on the map as they are on the earth’s surface. For example, a scale of 1:24,000 means that 1 centimetre on the map represents 24,000 centimetres (240 metres) on the surface of the earth.
There are two main types of maps. First, a topographical map, which shows the elevation of an area, with differences in elevation being represented by contour lines. Second, a topological map, which is the more common type of map, such as those in atlases used in high schools and elemtary schools.
Utilising GPS in Disaster Preparedness
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a system of determining geographical positions by using satellite navigation technology. The full terminology for GPS is NAVSTAR GPS (Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System). This system was first used in military circles to determine geographical position and direction.
GPS takes information from satellites to provide an image of a geographical position. since the implementation of the CBDP programme in Indonesia, PMI (Indonesian Red Cross) has used GPS to conduct mapping of areas that are at risk of disasters. GPS is specifically designed to provide positining information that is accurate in three dimensions and up to date across all parts of the world. Its capacity is not affected by time or the weather. Hence a GPS unit can still receive information from satellites at night and during heavy rainfall.
By making use of GPS, PMI and local communities have carried out risk mapping in village prone to disasters. The mapping provides village residents with important information, such as which areas will suffer long-term impacts when a disaster strikes, so precise and swift action can be taken in managing the disaster.
Because GPS provides three-dimensional data, results of the risk mapping can be used as straightforward input material for all realted sides, including the government. Furthermore, a risk map can also be used to estimate the impact of future disasters. The utilisation of GPS as a form of equipment in disaster preparedness is still regarded as a relatively new process in PMI, having first been officialy used in 2004.
In using GPS, data of the earth's surface area is provided in three-dimensons. Therefore we can know the position of an area as well as its contours (highest to lowest points). In an area prone to floods, for example, we could mark which points will not be affected by the floodwaters.
Moreover, GPS also provides many other benefits. It is quite easy to learn how to operate GPS equipment, so PMI volunteers at the village level have been able to use it after receiveing training.
Results of the CBDP programme showed that members of PMI's Disaster Response Team (Satgana) became experts in GPS use after receiving special training, while villagers working with the Sibat could carry out risk mapping using GPS.
As mentioned before, GPS can always be used, regardless of the time or weather. GPS is served by about 24 satellites located 20,000 km above the survace of the earth and moving at speeds of up to 7,000 miles per hour. This gives GPS a very wide scope of global coverage.
GPS can provide precise information on a position, to the nearest meter or even millimeter. A GPS unit is quite small and therefore easy to carry.
As a device that is linked to satellites, GPS gives the latest information about an area. So when an area hits by seriuos disaster, its exact geographical position can be determined. GPS can provide its precise latitude and longitude.
Village maps made by PMI with communities at the village or district level are really quite detailed. A village's boundaries are marked in accordance with its administrative border.
By having such detailed maps, PMI will hopefully no longer encounter difficulties when conducting of assisstance, rescues and determining safe evacuation routes.
Mapping the Village
One of the most important activities of the CBDP programme is risk mapping by the community members of a village or local district. The map will include data on the risks, vulnerabilities and capacities of the village. It is considered to be a very simple and cost effective tool to collect ground level data through a baseline survey and PRA.
Before the mapping exercise starts, the community members first discuss and record their experiences of previous disasters they have faced and disasters they may face in future. This aims to provide a pictorial base for the planning process, especially for the semi-literate populace and ensures maximum community involment across gender, age, and other social devide. It has also been found to be very effective in raising awareness among the community and thereby enhancing particiaption of villagers in problem identification.
The maps generate awareness among the community about the avenues for smooth evacuation during any imminent disaster. The strategy adopted is to use locally available resources rather tahn depending on the external agencies for assisstance and support.
The community members are encouraged to draw the maps on the ground using locally available materials such as stones, sand, and various coloured powders for different items and indicators. Village leaders and prominent figures should be consulted to ensure there is consensus on the village's borders.
The initial maps drawn need not be too detailed or precisely to scale. The three types of village mapping exercises are as follows:
Resource map: resources mapping focuses on identifying locally available assets and resources that can be utilised for building the capacities of the community during and after disaters. Resources that could be included on the map are strong buildings that are considered safe meeting points when a disaster strikes, such as house of worship, school buildings and village halls. Apart from infrastructure and funds, resources could also be individuals with specific skills, local institutions and people's knowledge, as all these have the capacity to create awareness and bring about changes in the community. A resource map is threfore not limited to depicting the available resources but also shows their distribution, access and use by taking into consideration prevailing sensitiveness within the village.
Risk and Vulnerability map: In the vulnerability map, community members have to identify the hazards that their village is prone to and the possible areas that would be affected. They also demarcate the low lying areas, areas near bodies of water such as the sea and rivers, wind direction, etc. Through this mapping exercise the community members identify the location of groups at risk and the assets that require protection from various hazards.
Safe and Alternate Route map: In a similar exercise, the villagers identify safe evacuation routes and shelter areas, plateaus, etc. It would be useful to identify alternate approach routes that could be used during times of emergency. Foreknowledge of such routes will help villagers to take swift action if they have to flee a disaster.
(This article has been publish on Siaga – disaster preparedness media – Ed.04/June/2006)
Google Earth: Melacak Pergerakan Badai Gustav (GE Tracing Gustav Storm)
Info dari detik.com
Yuk kita selancari
Google Earth Lacak Pergerakan Badai Gustav Ardhi Suryadhi - detikinet
Jakarta - Masih penasaran dengan kemana arah pergerakan Badai Gustav selanjutnya? Google Earth coba memberikan gambaran teranyarnya. Pengguna internet bisa memantau pergerakan Badai Gustav ini melalui tab 'weather' di Googel Earth. Alhasil, pengguna bisa memprediksi kemana Badai Gustav selanjutnya akan singgah. Meski demikian, Google tetap mengingatkan pengguna untuk tetap mempercayai informasi resmi dari pihak berwajib. Sebab, tampilan satelit pergerakan Badai Gustav di Google Earth mempunyai jeda waktu dari aktivitas aslinya. "Tolong diingat, ketika mengikuti pergerakan badai di Google Earth bahwa tampilan awan di aplikasi ini mempunyai jeda waktu 1-3 jam dari kejadian aslinya. Artinya, jika terdapat badai, maka badai tersebut sudah berada lebih jauh dari yang terlihat," jelas Cris Castello, yang bekerja di tim Google Earth dalam blognya. Dilansir softpedia yang dikutip detikINET, Selasa (2/9/2008), bagi pengguna yang ingin mendapatkan tampilan yang lebih baik dari aplikasi ini, disarankan untuk mendownload aplikasi KML (Keyhole Markup Language) yang dikatakan tersedia di blog Castello. Aplikasi ini diklaim mampu memberikan tampilan 3D, image, penanda tempat serta garis bujur dan lintang wilayah yang mau dianalisis. Sementara untuk melacak fenomena alam, seperti badai misalnya, aplikasi ini diklaim mampu memberikan gambaran seberapa besar sudut kemiringan dan ketinggian dari kerucut serta prediksi rute yang akan dilewati badai tersebut selanjutnya. Pun begitu, sekali lagi Google menegaskan bahwa layanan ini hanyalah untuk menarik minat penggunanya, dan bukan untuk dijadikan acuan bagi para peramal cuaca. "Dan jika Anda tinggal di salah satu area yang terkena dampaknya (badai-red.), maka tetaplah dengarkan instruksi dari pihak berwajib setempat," tandas Castello.
The Importance of Risk Mapping
The Importance of Risk Mapping
When a Community Based Action Team (CBAT=Sibat) has been established in one of our villages receiving help from the Community Based Disaster Preparedness (CBDP) programme, one of its first activities is to make a risk map of the village. Using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, the CBAT gathers basic data of the village, such as all houses, roads, boundaries, schools, houses of worship, wells, field, forest, etc. It is vital to identify the areas exposed to disaster risks and to determine the number of households and people living there. This way we will know how many people are at risk.
The CBAT will then hold a meeting at which all members of the community are invited to discuss the risk map. The community will make a prioritized list of all the risks they see on the map. The risk that poses the greatest threat and potential for losses should be first on the list, while the least important threat should be last.
All risks must be depicted on the map.
Using this list, the community now makes an action plan. The action plan should cover the next five years and try to prevent or mitigate the risks identified. The risk map and the action plan should be reviewed and updated every year to ensure maximum protection and prosperity in the community.
Once the list of risks has been translated into action plan, mitigation measures should be discussed through cooperation between the community, PMI (Indonesian Red Cross) and the local government. The community is the most important player in this process and should carry out the necessary work without being paid. The CBDP programme will pay some of the expenses and hopefully the risk map will have convinced the local government to pay remaining expenses and endorse the action plan.
How We Make a Risk Map
Members of the CBAT divide into pairs, with each tw-person team mapping specific features in the lanscape with their GPS (Garmin eTrex Vista). one team plots houses, another wells, a third schools and houses of worship, etc. Other teams map roads, rivers, coastlines, etc. One team will walk the entire perimeter of the community to show the boundaries of the village on the map.Some teams will identify areas where there certain risks. They walk the high waterline of the worst flooding or estimate the raech of possible landslide, find where tsunamis could reach, or where erosion or abrasion thretens houses, etc. One team will identify evacuation routes and indicate safe places for people to stay if a disaster happens. All teams keep carefull records of their collected data.
If there are not enough people to collect data within one day, the mapping could be carried out over several days. At the end of each day, all teams meet and upload their data from the GPS to a computer (MapSource software). Once all the data has been compiled, it will be put together to make a basic map.
Using an LCD projector, the map is projected onto a large sheet of transparent plastic hanging on a wall and competent member of the community is called on to draw the map, which is full of usefull information. All memebers of the community will then be able to use the map to discuss what can be done to avoid disasters or what to do when the next one happens. The maps are also a very important tool to get support from the local government, as a good map says more than a thousand words when negotiting for government support.
There is no doubt, that throughout Indonesia these maps will save many lives and make people and government much better prepared for disasters.
But, don't forget that a map could cause disagreements in the community, especially over the size and ownership of certain landholding. In such cases, seek official data and hold a discussion to resolve any disagreements.
An Example: In village X the CBAT has made a risk map of the entire village. The risk map shows that in large area 70 houses are threatened by flooding. On the other side of the village, about 20 houses are threatened by landslides from a nearby mountain. Along the river, erosion threatens 10 houses and approximately 200 houses would be at risk if a big tsunami came. Moreover, some health issues also emerged during the discussion of the risk map. These are malaria, which often claims fatalities, and a high frequency of stomach problems, such as diarhoea.
The residents of village X then make the following prioritized list:
(1) Flooding, because it thereatens 70 houses and because it occured three times duting the last 10 years;
(2) River bank erosion, because it threatents 10 houses and they will all be destroyed by the river within the next three or four years if nothing is done;
(3) Tsunami threat, because people are becoming increasingly afraid of tsunamis and now consider them a real risk;
(4) Landslides, because 20 houses are threatened and the risk may increase by cutting down trees;
(5) Malaria, because last year there was 80 cases of malaria;
(6) Clean water, because people often fall ill during severe floods due to a lack of clean water.
Based on the above list, the residents of village X make a five-years action plan.
The action plan is based on a judgment of which risks are most serious and when it is convinient to address each risk. Several activities can be carried out simulataneously. Happy working!
(From Siaga -a disaster preparedness media - Ed.05/September/2006)
Map4Partnership Training Course on Basic Element of Map2PDF
Pada hari Jumát tanggal 29 Agustus 2008, UNOCHA mengadakan pelatihan yang diberi judul Map4Partnership Training Course on Basic Elements of Map2PDF. Rencananya tulisan ini akan di posting hari itu juga, namun karena internet di kantor down maka baru bisa sekarang.
Tujuan utamanya sih biar berbagi informasi mengenai data spasial menjadi lebih mudah, efektif dan efisien diantara Badan-badan Kemanusiaan.
Tools yang digunakan adalah:
- Adobe Acrobat Profesional versi 7 atau 8
- Geo PDF toolbars
- Google Earth
- GPS
- Base Map dalam format Map2PDF
Dengan berbagi data dalam bentuk Map2PDF maka para aktor kemanusiaan akan semakin mudah melihat aktivitas rekan-rekan atau badan lain, sehingga tidak akan terjadi tumpang tindih program yang tidak perlu.
Sebenarnya sih tidak terlalu jauh dengan bila kita saling menukar informasi data spasial dengan format KMZ dari GoogleEarth.
Tulisan lebih lanjut, sabar menunggu yah.
Menggunakan DNR Garmin untuk GPS Garmin (Using DNR Garmin for download data from GPS Garmin)
Pengembangan extension ini memungkinkan kita bisa:
1. Mengunduh tracks dan waypoints dari GPS Garmin yang kita gunakan.
2. Mengkonversi tracks ke dalam bentuk points, lines, atau bahkan polygon.
3. Mengkonversikan waypoints ke shapefiles tipe titik atau file teks ascii.
4. Mengkonversikan unsur-unsur spasial ke dalam format titik-titik GPS atau track.
5. Mengunduh informasi titik-titik GPS serta tracks ke dalam GPS Garmin yang terhubung.
Berikut cara mengeksport data ke format “.SHP”, “.SHX”, dan ”.DBF”:
1. Hubungkan GPS ke PC
2. Aktifkan GPS
3. Buka DNR Garmin dari komputer anda (semoga anda sudah menginstalasi DNR Garmin).
4. Klik pilihan yang sesuai, misalnya anda ingin mengunduh waypoint maka klik waypoint, dilanjutkan dengan mengklik Download
5. Keluar kotak dialog yang memperlihatkan proses pengunduhan
6. Proses unduh selesai, klik OK
Bila kita menggunaan Garmin Etrex Vista Cx, biasa akan timbul kotak dialog yang menyatakan proses transfer tidak bisa dilakukan karena DNR Garmin tidak menemukan port yang cocok maka langkah berikut harus dilakukan:
1. Biasanya timbul kotak dialog berikut
Klik OK
2. Klik GPS, pindahkan kursor ke Set Port, kemudian klik USB
3. DNR Garmin telah mengenali GPS kita dan siap digunakan
Silahkan mengunduh data GPS.
Akhir dari tulisan ini
Google Earth Bikin Dunia Kalang Kabut
Google Earth Bikin Dunia Kalang Kabut Fino Yurio Kristo - detikinet
Washington - Gambar-gambar berbagai sudut bumi terekam jelas melalui layanan online Google Earth. Menyenangkan bagi pengakses internet, Google Earth justru membuat berbagai negara di dunia kalang kabut.
Itulah yang diungkap dalam laporan lembaga Open Source Center tentang tindakan berbagai negara mengeliminasi ancaman Google Earth. Memang, tampilan lokasi tertentu di Google Earth sering dinilai membahayakan keamanan nasional jika dimanfaatkan oleh kaum kriminal yang ingin tahu detail lokasi incaran mereka .
Dilansir InformationWeek dan dikutip detikINET, Rabu (27/8/2008), berbagai negara kerap meminta Google menghilangkan atau memburamkan tempat tertentu. Permintaan ini lebih mudah dikabulkan setelah teroris pernah memakai Google Earth dalam merancang serangan terhadap basis tentara Inggris di Irak, di tahun 2007.
Namun laporan itu menyebutkan bahwa ada pula negara yang langsung bertindak tegas, yakni dengan melarang akses Google Earth. Bahrain misalnya, pernah memblokir Google Earth di tahun 2006.
Adapun militer negara China pernah menilai pemblokiran Google Earth belum terlalu penting. Akan tetapi mereka tetap merasa perlu meminimalisir ancaman yang mengemuka dari Google Earth terhadap keamanan nasional.
China bersama India dan Norwegia pun menyamarkan area sensitif di negara mereka, sehingga tak bisa terekam kamera satelit Google Earth. Di sisi lain, China, India dan Thailand masing-masing juga mengembangkan aplikasi semacam Google Earth versi mereka sendiri.
Namun memang Google Earth harus diakui menghadirkan berbagai kegunaan. Misalnya saja, layanan gratis ini pernah membantu arkeolog menyelidik tempat tempat bersejarah di planet bumi.
Pemetaan oleh Anak-anak (Children Map) di Ciloto Puncak
Pada saat teman saya dari Afrika membaca jadwal kuliah modul PGIS di ITC Belanda, dia berkomentar begitu melihat ada sesi pemetaan oleh anak-anak.Bagaimana bisa anak-anak membuat peta yang layak untuk sebuah perencanaan perkotaan, paling-paling hasil yang kita dapat adalah coret-coretan yang tidak bermakna. Seperti itulah komentarnya.
Tapi, betulkah anak-anak tidak bisa membuat peta?
Ya, betul tergantung usianya.
Awal tahun ini saya berkesempatan untuk memfasilitasi pelatihan asesmen kerentanan dan kapasitas suatu desa terkait ancaman dan risiko bencana, dan salah satu materinya adalah pemetaan.
Pada saat field exercise satu kelompok saya minta untuk membuat peta desa Ciloto dengan anak-anak sebagai pelaksananya. Sama seperti teman saya, peserta juga tercengang bagaimana bisa anak-anak membuat dan bagaimana pendekatannya. Terbayang oleh mereka. Anak-anak hanya hilir mudik, banyak bertanya karena tidak jelas walaupun sudah dijelaskan berkali-kali. Dan hasilnya hanya coretan.
Selanjutnya, proses pemetaan bersama anak-anak dimulai. Dan peserta pelatihan sebagai fasilitator menjelaskan terlebih dahulu kepada anak-anak hal-ihwal peta desa dan kenapa mereka harus membuat peta tersebut.
Memang dasarnya anak-anak, tetap saja mereka tetap suka bermain dan bercanda. Tidak seperti awal pelaksanaan, 10 menit setelah dimulai, terlihat wajah-wajah para fasilitator bisa tersenyum. Apalagi setelah dilihat ternyata anak-anak SD itu bisa membuat peta. Dan anak-anak itu terlihat menikmati, apalagi setelah ada bantuan logistik untuk para tamu kecil itu, yah permen roti, air mineral dll.
“Aman dan Damaikah” proses pembuatan peta? Jelas tidak. Perdebatan, saling ejek karena yang lain tidak tahu suatu lokasi terjadi sering terjadi. Pada saat perdebatan baru terjadi terlihat seorang fasilitator ingin mendamaikan, segera saya “tarik” ia dan saya katakan biarkan saja mereka mencari kesepakatan diantara mereka sendiri. Mereka tidak akan saling berkelahi hanya karena ini.
Setelah sekitar dua jam, selesailah peta desa mereka.
Dan hasilnya?
Terlihat beberapa titik, beberapa diantaranya yaitu mereka banyak mengidentifikasi factory outlet dan hotel (memang sih disana banyak FO dan hotel), saya tanya kenapa kalian memetakan FO? Mereka menjawab karena setiap lebaran kami dibelikan pakaian oleh orang tua di FO. Hotel? Karena kami nantinya bekerja di hotel sekitar desa.
Bagaimana tempat yang mereka benci? Ada yang memetakan suatu sekolah karena dia benci dengan salah satu siswanya atau karena ia sekolah disana atau karena ia berencana nanti sekolah disana (dipesantren misalnya).
Untuk lokasi berbahaya setelah saya bandingkan dengan peta orang dewasa, terlihat lebih banyak dipetakan oleh anak-anak, alasannya? Orang tua mereka mengatakan daerah itu berbahaya sehingga mereka memetakannya. Dikejar dengan pertanyaan apakah ada yang pernah ke tempat bahaya tersebut? mereka jawab ya pernah, terutama anak laki-laki, karena mereka penasaran.
Setelah puas menggali informasi, mereka kami bawa ke tempat pertemuan utama dan meminta mereka untuk mempresentasikan hasilnya di depan orang tua mereka. Jelas grogi mereka, namun setelah di beri “penguatan” akhirnya mereka PeDe juga.
Dan presentasi mereka membuat orang tua mereka terperangah dengan kemampuan anak mereka. Terutama dengan pengetahuan spasial anak mereka.
Jadi, anak-anak bisa juga kan membuat peta wilayah?
AKHIR DARI TULISAN INI
Melihat peta GE daerah rawan bencana (Disaster Prone Area in Google earth)
Tunggu sampai halaman GE lengkap, seperti tampilan berikut, ini membutuhkan waktu beberapa menit tergantung kecepatan saluran internet.
Kemudian ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:
1. Ketikan koordinat area yang akan kita cari pada tab Fly To,
mis:
a. Selayang Pandang. Ketikan salah satu waypoint yang telah dipetakan di Desa Selayang Pandang: 1 18’ 15.4’’ S, 100 31’ 17.5’’ E.
b. Sanggi. Ketikan salah satu waypoint yang telah dipetakan di Desa Sanggi 5 36’19.2’’ S, 105 09’ 56.8’’ E.
2. Klik lambang suryakanta disisi kanan kotak koordinat.
3. Maka bola dunia akan berputar dan jendela akan menuju area yang kita tuju (misalnya Selayang Pandang), dalam hal ini Desa Salido Saribulan. Peta akan terlihat jelas bila streaming telah mencapai 100%.
Untuk mengetahui sudah seberapa besar streming peta yang kita cari dapat dilihat pada bagian bawah peta. Setelah streaming 100% dan peta telah terlihat dengan jelas, kecuali beberapa daerah yang tetap buram (ini dikarenakan belum terpetakan oleh GE), sebaiknya tampilan tersebut di simpan (save).
Untuk melihat peta dengan tampilan penuh dalam satu layar komputer, klik Hide/show hidebar.
Mencari Area dengan Menggunakan Mouse
Selain dengan memasukan koordinat pada panel pencari, kita juga bisa mencari are dengan menggunakan mouse. Ada dua cara mencari dengan menggunakan mouse, yaitu:
1. Menggerakan mouse, dan
2. Mengklik bidang gambar peta dengan melakukan double klik.
Untuk mencari area dengan menggerakan mouse, langkah-langkah berikut dapat dilakukan:
1. Klik kiri bidang peta (kursor mouse bergambar punggung tangan)
2. Tahan, ditandai dengan punggung tangan yang mengepal
3. Gerakan mouse sampai tampil bidang peta yang diinginkan. Anda bisa menggerakan sesuai arah mata angin atau berputar.
Mencari Area Melalui Data File yang Telah Tersimpan
Cara lain mencari area pada GE adalah dengan membuka data file melalui explorer, yaitu dengan langkah:
1. Buka jendela explorer, yaitu pada file yang menyimpan data GE.
2. Klik (buka) data yang akan dilihat, file GE dalam ekstensi .kmz.
Bila menggunakan cara ini, anda tidak perlu membuka aplikasi GE terlebih dahulu. Karena akan membuka otomatis begitu telah dibuka.
3. Jendela GE akan terbuka dan langsung menunjukkan peta yang dituju. Dalam contoh ini Citeureup1.
Cara kedua adalah dengan mengklik (dua kali) area yang telah tersimpan pada kolom Places:
1. Buka aplikasi GE.
2. Arahkan kursor ke area yang akan dilihat.
3. Klik dua kali.
4. Area yang dicari tampil.
Membuka data MapSource pada jendela GE
Bila anda telah meng-upgrade MapSouce, maka anda akan dapat membuka data MapSource pada jendela GE dengan cara:
1. Buka MapSource
2. Buka file yang anda akan lihat di GE, misalnya Kelurahan Laelo
3. Terbuka jendela MapSource dengan area Laelo
4. Klik View, pilih View in Google Earth, klik
5. Jendela GE akan otomatis terbuka dan menunjukan Kelurahan Laelo
AKHIR DARI TULISAN INI
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